Introduction to LED lighting applications
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Author:smart watt
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Release time:2017-07-25
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As far as we can see, the wavelength range of light spectrum is 380nm ~ 760nm, which is the seven chromatic light that can be perceived by human eyes - red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue and purple, but each of the seven colors is a monochromatic light.
relationship
As far as we can see, the wavelength range of light spectrum is 380nm ~ 760nm, which is the seven chromatic light that can be perceived by human eyes - red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue and purple, but each of the seven colors is a monochromatic light.
For example, the peak wavelength of red light produced by LED is 565nm. In the visible light spectrum is not white light, because white is not monochromatic light, but light composite by a variety of monochromatic light synthesis, as the sun light is composed of seven kinds of monochromatic and white light, white light color TV is composed of three primary colors of red, green and blue synthesis.
Thus, to make LED emit white light, its spectral characteristics should include the entire visible spectral range. But to manufacture this kind of LED, it is impossible under the technological conditions. According to the research of visible light, the human eye can see white, mixed with at least two light, two light emitting wavelength (blue light and yellow light emitting wavelength) or three (blue light + + red light green light) model. Blue light is needed for all two modes of white light, so the uptake of blue light has become the key technology for manufacturing white light, the Blu ray technology pursued by major LED manufacturers". There are only a few companies in the world who have blue light technology, so the promotion and application of white light LED, especially the high brightness white LED, is still a process in our country.
light source
For general illumination, the white light LED is usually formed in two ways on the process structure. The first is the use of blue light technology to match the phosphor to form white light; the second is a variety of monochromatic light mixing methods. Both of these two methods have been successful in producing white light devices. The system shown in Figure 1 the first method to produce white light, blue light GaM chip LED diagram (2 p=465nm), and YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet) phosphor package together, when a yellow light phosphor can be excited by blue light and the blue and yellow light mixed into white light (consisting of LED structure as shown in Figure 2). The second method uses different colors of the chip to wrap together and produces white light by mixing each shade of light.
prospect
In order to explain the characteristics of white light LED, first look at the situation of the lighting source used. The luminous efficiency of incandescent and halogen tungsten lamps is 12~24 lumens / watt, and the luminous efficiency of fluorescent lamps and HID lamps is 50~120 lumens / watt. The white LED: in 1998, light white LED is only 5 LM / W, in 1999 has reached 15 LM / W, this index is similar to general household incandescent lamps, and in 2000, light efficiency of white LED has reached 25 LM / W, the index and the tungsten halogen lamp is similar. Some companies predict that by 2005, LED light efficiency of 50 lumens / watt, by 2015, LED light efficiency is expected to reach 150~200 lumens / watt. The current white LED then can be either training. Thus, the development of white LED writers using lighting sources, will become possible reality.
Incandescent lamps and halogen lamps for general lighting purposes although cheap, but the low light efficiency (wasted power consumption thermal effect lamp), short service life, maintenance workload, but if using white LED for lighting, not only high light efficiency, and long service life (more than 10000 hours of continuous work), almost no maintenance.
LED light source with the use of low-voltage power supply, low energy consumption, strong applicability, high stability, fast response time, no pollution to environment, color light etc., although the price is compared with the existing lighting equipment is expensive, it will inevitably replace the existing lighting device.
LED features
Advantage
The intrinsic characteristics of LED determine that it is the ideal light source to replace the traditional light source, and it has a wide range of uses.
Small volume
LED is basically a small chip that is encased in epoxy, so it's very small and very light.
Low power consumption
LED power consumption is very low, in general, the working voltage of LED is 2-3.6V. The operating current is 0.02-0.03A. That is to say, it consumes no more than 0.1W.
Long service life
Under proper current and voltage, LED can last up to 100 thousand hours
High brightness, low calorie
environmental protection
LED is made of non-toxic material, unlike fluorescent lamps that contain mercury, which can cause pollution, and LED can be recycled.
Durable
LED is completely encapsulated in epoxy resin, which is stronger than light bulbs and fluorescent tubes. There is no loose part in the lamp, which makes LED easy to damage.
Effect
The biggest advantage of LED lights is energy saving and environmental protection. The luminous efficiency is up to 100 lumens / watt, and the ordinary incandescent lamp can only reach 40 lumens / watt, and the energy-saving lamp is hovering around 70 lumens / watt. So, the same wattage, LED light effect will be much brighter than incandescent and energy-saving lamps. 1 watt LED lamp brightness equivalent to about 2 watts of energy-saving lamps, 5 Watt LED lamp 1000 hours power consumption 5 degrees, LED lamp life can reach 50 thousand hours, LED lamp without radiation.
Color temperature color
Color temperature of light source:
People use the absolute temperature and the temperature of the light is equal or close to full radiator describes the light source color (see direct observation of the human eye color light source) is also called the color temperature of the light. The color temperature is expressed at an absolute temperature K. Different color temperatures cause people to react differently to their emotions. We generally divide the color temperature of light sources into three
categories:
Warm colored light
Warm light color temperature below 3300K. Warm light and incandescent lamp light color similar, more red components, gives a warm, healthy, comfortable, suitable for families, homes, hostels, hospitals, hotels and other places, low temperature or place.
Warm white lightIt is also called intermediate color, color of the 3300K5300K in between. A warm white light that gives a pleasant, comfortable, peaceful feeling
As far as we can see, the wavelength range of light spectrum is 380nm ~ 760nm, which is the seven chromatic light that can be perceived by human eyes - red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue and purple, but each of the seven colors is a monochromatic light.
For example, the peak wavelength of red light produced by LED is 565nm. In the visible light spectrum is not white light, because white is not monochromatic light, but light composite by a variety of monochromatic light synthesis, as the sun light is composed of seven kinds of monochromatic and white light, white light color TV is composed of three primary colors of red, green and blue synthesis.
Thus, to make LED emit white light, its spectral characteristics should include the entire visible spectral range. But to manufacture this kind of LED, it is impossible under the technological conditions. According to the research of visible light, the human eye can see white, mixed with at least two light, two light emitting wavelength (blue light and yellow light emitting wavelength) or three (blue light + + red light green light) model. Blue light is needed for all two modes of white light, so the uptake of blue light has become the key technology for manufacturing white light, the Blu ray technology pursued by major LED manufacturers". There are only a few companies in the world who have blue light technology, so the promotion and application of white light LED, especially the high brightness white LED, is still a process in our country.
light source
For general illumination, the white light LED is usually formed in two ways on the process structure. The first is the use of blue light technology to match the phosphor to form white light; the second is a variety of monochromatic light mixing methods. Both of these two methods have been successful in producing white light devices. The system shown in Figure 1 the first method to produce white light, blue light GaM chip LED diagram (2 p=465nm), and YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet) phosphor package together, when a yellow light phosphor can be excited by blue light and the blue and yellow light mixed into white light (consisting of LED structure as shown in Figure 2). The second method uses different colors of the chip to wrap together and produces white light by mixing each shade of light.
prospect
In order to explain the characteristics of white light LED, first look at the situation of the lighting source used. The luminous efficiency of incandescent and halogen tungsten lamps is 12~24 lumens / watt, and the luminous efficiency of fluorescent lamps and HID lamps is 50~120 lumens / watt. The white LED: in 1998, light white LED is only 5 LM / W, in 1999 has reached 15 LM / W, this index is similar to general household incandescent lamps, and in 2000, light efficiency of white LED has reached 25 LM / W, the index and the tungsten halogen lamp is similar. Some companies predict that by 2005, LED light efficiency of 50 lumens / watt, by 2015, LED light efficiency is expected to reach 150~200 lumens / watt. The current white LED then can be either training. Thus, the development of white LED writers using lighting sources, will become possible reality.
Incandescent lamps and halogen lamps for general lighting purposes although cheap, but the low light efficiency (wasted power consumption thermal effect lamp), short service life, maintenance workload, but if using white LED for lighting, not only high light efficiency, and long service life (more than 10000 hours of continuous work), almost no maintenance.
LED light source with the use of low-voltage power supply, low energy consumption, strong applicability, high stability, fast response time, no pollution to environment, color light etc., although the price is compared with the existing lighting equipment is expensive, it will inevitably replace the existing lighting device.
LED features
Advantage
The intrinsic characteristics of LED determine that it is the ideal light source to replace the traditional light source, and it has a wide range of uses.
Small volume
LED is basically a small chip that is encased in epoxy, so it's very small and very light.
Low power consumption
LED power consumption is very low, in general, the working voltage of LED is 2-3.6V. The operating current is 0.02-0.03A. That is to say, it consumes no more than 0.1W.
Long service life
Under proper current and voltage, LED can last up to 100 thousand hours
High brightness, low calorie
environmental protection
LED is made of non-toxic material, unlike fluorescent lamps that contain mercury, which can cause pollution, and LED can be recycled.
Durable
LED is completely encapsulated in epoxy resin, which is stronger than light bulbs and fluorescent tubes. There is no loose part in the lamp, which makes LED easy to damage.
Effect
The biggest advantage of LED lights is energy saving and environmental protection. The luminous efficiency is up to 100 lumens / watt, and the ordinary incandescent lamp can only reach 40 lumens / watt, and the energy-saving lamp is hovering around 70 lumens / watt. So, the same wattage, LED light effect will be much brighter than incandescent and energy-saving lamps. 1 watt LED lamp brightness equivalent to about 2 watts of energy-saving lamps, 5 Watt LED lamp 1000 hours power consumption 5 degrees, LED lamp life can reach 50 thousand hours, LED lamp without radiation.
Color temperature color
Color temperature of light source:
People use the absolute temperature and the temperature of the light is equal or close to full radiator describes the light source color (see direct observation of the human eye color light source) is also called the color temperature of the light. The color temperature is expressed at an absolute temperature K. Different color temperatures cause people to react differently to their emotions. We generally divide the color temperature of light sources into three
categories:
Warm colored light
Warm light color temperature below 3300K. Warm light and incandescent lamp light color similar, more red components, gives a warm, healthy, comfortable, suitable for families, homes, hostels, hospitals, hotels and other places, low temperature or place.
Warm white lightIt is also called intermediate color, color of the 3300K5300K in between. A warm white light that gives a pleasant, comfortable, peaceful feeling
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